Religious Studies: R S

Lower-Division Courses

R S 302. History of the Religions of Asia.

Same as Asian Studies 301R and Core Texts and Ideas 306D. Eastern religions: an introduction to the basic forms and the historical development of the religious traditions of India, China, and Japan. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 301R, Core Texts and Ideas 304 (Topic: History of Religions of Asia), 306D, 310 (Topic: History of Religions of Asia), Religious Studies 302.

R S 304. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam: An Introduction.

Same as History 304R, Jewish Studies 311 (Topic 2), and Middle Eastern Studies 311C. Examines the intertwined historical developments of the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and explores the principal beliefs and practices of Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 304 (Topic: Judaism, Christianity, Islam), History 304R, Islamic Studies 311 (Topic 2), Jewish Studies 311 (Topic 2), Middle Eastern Studies 311C, Religious Studies 304.

R S 304G. Jews, Pagans, and Christians.

Same as Classical Civilization 304G and History 304S. Investigate, using a range of primary and secondary readings, how religious identity was imagined and expressed in the 4th-6th centuries CE. Examine the complex interactions of, in particular, Jews, Christians, and Pagans. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 304C (Topic: Pagans/Christians Late Roman Emp), 304G, History 304S, Religious Studies 304G, 315 (Topic: Pagans/Christians Late Roman Emp).

R S 305. Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 310 (Topic 3) and Philosophy 305. A critical examination of various conceptions of God and of the relationship of the human and the divine. Three lecture hours or two lecture hours and one laboratory/discussion hour a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 310 (Topic: Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion), 310 (Topic 3), Philosophy 305, Religious Studies 305.

R S 306C. Comparative Religious Ethics.

Same as Jewish Studies 311E. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Jewish Studies 311 (Topic: Comparative Religious Ethics), 311E, Religious Studies 306 (Topic: Comparative Religious Ethics), 306C.

R S 306D. The Roots of Religious Toleration.

Same as European Studies 306 (Topic 3), History 309J, and Jewish Studies 311C. Examines how freedom of conscience and religion crystallized in western and central Europe, both as a pragmatic practice and as a matter of principle. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 310 (Topic: Roots of Religious Toleration), European Studies 306 (Topic: Roots of Religious Toleration), 306 (Topic 3), History 309J, 317N (Topic: Roots of Religious Toleration), 317N (Topic 1), Jewish Studies 311 (Topic: Roots of Religious Toleration), 311 (Topic 5), 311C, Religious Studies 306 (Topic: Roots of Religious Toleration), 306 (Topic 1), 306D.

R S 306E. Ethics of Space Exploration.

Same as Anthropology 310G. Examine cultural and ethical questions related to the exploration of space and the emerging field of astrobiology. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 310G, Religious Studies 306E, 311 (Topic: Ethics/Relig/Space Explortn).

R S 307. Introduction to Interreligious Dynamics.

Introduction to the diverse dynamics of interreligious encounters, from armed conflicts to interreligious dialogue. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 309C. Medieval Material Culture.

Same as Ancient History and Classical Civilization 310 (Topic 6) and History 309C. Explore the history of medieval Europe primarily through the lens of material culture. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 310 (Topic: Medieval Material Culture), 310 (Topic 6), History 306N (Topic: Medieval Material Culture), 309C, Religious Studies 309C, 315 (Topic: Medieval Material Culture).

R S 310. Introduction to the Study of Religion.

Introduction to scholarly methods in the study of religion. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 310 and Sociology 313K may not both be counted.

R S 310R. Introduction to Middle East Religions.

Same as Jewish Studies 310R and Middle Eastern Studies 310R. Introduction to the religious landscape of the Middle East including the various expressions of Eastern Christianity, Islam, and Judaism as well as Zoroastrianism. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Islamic Studies 310R, Jewish Studies 310R, Middle Eastern Studies 310R, Religious Studies 310R.

R S 311. Topics in Religious Studies.

Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary.

R S 311E. Religion and the Environment.

Explore the relationship between religions and the environment from multidisciplinary perspectives. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 311 (Topic: Religion & the Environment) and 311E may not both be counted.

R S 312C. Introduction to Buddhism.

Same as Asian Studies 301M (Topic 11: Introduction to Buddhism). A structural and historical overview of Buddhism through the examination of various schools, doctrines, biographical narratives, and contemporary ethical issues. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 301M (Topic 11), Religious Studies 312 (Topic: Introduction to Buddhism), 312C.

R S 312E. Yoga Past and Present.

Same as Asian Studies 307D. Survey yogic practices in South Asian civilization and trace the development of yogic thought and embodied practices in Hindu, Buddhist, and tantric traditions from early history to the modern-day's social and legal complexities and controversies. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 301M (Topic: Yoga Past and Present), 307D, Religious Studies 312E.

R S 313C. Introduction to the Old Testament.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 305G, Jewish Studies 311 (Topic 4), and Middle Eastern Studies 310C. Introduction to the many interpretations of the Hebrew Bible (the Old Testament) and its meaning in the context of its historical and cultural setting in the ancient Near East. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 305G, Jewish Studies 311 (Topic 4), Middle Eastern Studies 310 (Topic 3), 310C, Religious Studies 313C.

R S 313D. Introduction to Jewish Studies.

Same as Anthropology 311D, Jewish Studies 301, and Middle Eastern Studies 310 (Topic 8). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 310L (Topic: Jewish Studies: An Introduction), 311D, Jewish Studies 301, 311 (Topic: Jewish Studies: An Introduction), Middle Eastern Studies 310 (Topic: Jewish Studies: An Introduction), 310 (Topic 8), Religious Studies 313 (Topic: Jewish Studies: An Introduction), 313D.

R S 313E. Introduction to Jewish Latin America.

Same as Anthropology 311E, Jewish Studies 305D, and Latin American Studies 315 (Topic 3). Historical and cultural analysis of how Jews constructed lives and communities in predominantly Hispanic, Catholic countries of Latin America. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 310L (Topic:Introduction to Jewish Latin America), 311E, Jewish Studies 311 (Topic: Introduction to Jewish Latin America), 305D, Latin American Studies 310 (Topic: Intro to Jewish Latin America), 315 (Topic: Intro to Jewish Latin America), 315 (Topic 3), Religious Studies 313 (Topic: Introduction to Jewish Latin America), 313E .

R S 313M. Jewish Civilization: Beginnings to 1492.

Same as History 306N (Topic 10), Jewish Studies 304M, and Middle Eastern Studies 310 (Topic 6). Introduction to the history, culture, and religion of the Jewish people from around 1000 BC to the end of the medieval period. Subjects may include ancient Israel, late Second Temple sectarianism, the rise of Christianity, rabbinic Judaism, medieval Jewish philosophy, Jewish mysticism, and Hebrew poetry. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 306N (Topic: Jewish Civilization I), 306N (Topic 10), Jewish Studies 304M, 311 (Topic: Jewish Civilization I), Middle Eastern Studies 310 (Topic: Jewish Civilization: Beginnings to 1492), 310 (Topic 6), Religious Studies 313 (Topic: Jewish Civilization I), 313M.

R S 313N. Jewish Civilization: 1492 to the Present.

Same as European Studies 306 (Topic 4), History 306N (Topic 11), and Jewish Studies 304N. Subjects may include trends toward secularization, the emancipation of European Jewry, the emergence of American Jewry, the Holocaust, the establishment of the State of Israel, and the Arab-Israeli conflict. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 306 (Topic: Jewish Civilization: 1492 to the Present), 306 (Topic 4), History 306N (Topic 11), Jewish Studies 304N, 311 (Topic: Jewish Civilization: 1492 to the Present), Religious Studies 313 (Topic: Jewish Civilization: 1492 to the Present), 313N.

R S 314K. Introduction to the Middle East: Religious, Cultural, and Historical Foundations.

Same as History 306K and Middle Eastern Studies 301K. A survey of the history and civilization of the Middle East from the sixth to the fourteenth century. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 306K, Middle Eastern Studies 301K, Religious Studies 314 (Topic: Intro M East: Rel/Cul/Hist Fnd), 314K.

R S 315C. The Bible and Its Interpreters.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 304 (Topic 1). Seeks to develop a wide-ranging familiarity with the Jewish and Christian Bibles and with the dominant modes of ancient, medieval, and early modern biblical interpretation. Readings include an extensive range of primary sources, including both the Scriptures themselves and some of their most influential exegetes. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 304 (Topic 1), Religious Studies 315 (Topic 1), 315C.

R S 315K. Russian Icons and Propaganda.

Same as Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 302D. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Religious Studies 315 (Topic: Russian Icons and Propaganda), 315K, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 302 (Topic: Russian Icons and Propaganda), 302D.

R S 315M. Luther's World.

Same as European Studies 306 (Topic 6), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 311G, and History 304Q. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 306 (Topic: Luther's World), 306 (Topic 6), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 310 (Topic: Luther's World), 311G, History 304Q, 306N (Topic: Luther's World), Religious Studies 315 (Topic: Luther's World), 315M.

R S 315N. Introduction to the New Testament.

Same as Classical Civilization 304E and Core Texts and Ideas 305N. Examines representative examples of the texts found in the Christian New Testament and selected noncanonical writings. Focuses on historical setting and systematic methods of interpretation. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 304C (Topic: Introduction to the New Testament), 304E, Core Texts and Ideas 305N, 310 (Topic: Introduction to the New Testament), Religious Studies 315N.

R S 316C. History of Religion in the United States.

Same as American Studies 315 (Topic 5) and History 317L (Topic 16). Explores instances of religious dominance and religious diversity in United States history. Moving from the pre-colonial period to the present, it examines the changing circumstances of several religious communities, including American Indians and Puritans, Protestant evangelicals, Mormons, Roman Catholics, Jews, Muslims, and Hindus. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 315 (Topic 5), History 317L (Topic 16), Religious Studies 316C, 316U (Topic 1).

R S 316E. American Jews: The Yiddish Experience.

Same as American Studies 315 (Topic 6), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 310 (Topic 1), and Jewish Studies 311 (Topic 9). Focuses on over a century of Yiddish-based contributions to American literature, music, and film, including works by Isaac Bashevis Singer, Michael Chabon, Woody Allen, and the Marx Brothers. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 315 (Topic 4), 315 (Topic 6); German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 310 (Topic 1); Jewish Studies 311 (Topic 6), 311 (Topic 9); Religious Studies 313 (Topic 1), 316K (Topic 2), 316E.

R S 316L. Introduction to Religions of Latin America.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 316K and Latin American Studies 316L. Examine a survey of religious practice across Latin America and the Caribbean. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 316K, 317E (Topic: Intro Relig/Lat Amer/Carib), Latin American Studies 310 (Topic: Intro Relig/Lat Amer/Carib), 316L, Religious Studies 316K (Topic: Intro Relig/Lat Amer/Carib), 316L.

R S 316M. Early Mesoamerican Religions.

Same as Anthropology 310I, History 310E, and Latin American Studies 310D. Introduction to the study of indigenous religions in Mesoamerica, a geographic and cultural area spanning north-central Mexico through western Honduras, from approximately 250 BC - AD 1700. Examine the role of religion and ritual in daily life, as well as the lines of evidence available today for understanding them. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 310I, History 310E, Latin American Studies 310D, Religious Studies 311 (Topic: Early Mesoamerican Religion), 316M.

R S 317N. Introduction to Modern North Africa.

Same as History 306N (Topic 12) and Middle Eastern Studies 310N. Introduction to the major themes of North African history from the sixteenth century to the present. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 306N (Topic: Intro to Modern North Africa), 306N (Topic 12), Middle Eastern Studies 310 (Topic: Intro Modern North Africa), 310N, Religious Studies 317 (Topic: Intro Modern North Africa), 317N.

R S 318. The Rise of Christianity.

Same as Classical Civilization 318 and Jewish Studies 306E. Introduction to the origins and development of Christianity. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 318, Jewish Studies 306E, 311 (Topic: The Rise of Christianity), 311 (Topic 3), Religious Studies 318.

R S 319. Introduction to Islam.

Same as Asian Studies 301M (Topic 15), History 306N (Topic 7), and Middle Eastern Studies 310D. The beliefs, theology, history, and main social and legal institutions of Islam, including the concept of God and society, the role of women, and Islamic government and movements. Three lecture hours or two lecture hours and one discussion hour a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 301M (Topic 15), History 306N (Topic 7), Islamic Studies 310, Middle Eastern Studies 310D, Religious Studies 319.

R S 119S, 219S, 319S, 419S, 519S, 619S, 719S, 819S, 919S. Topics in Religious Studies.

This course is used to record credit the student earns while enrolled at another institution in a program administered by the University's Study Abroad Office. Credit is recorded as assigned by the study abroad adviser in the Department of Religious Studies. University credit is awarded for work in an exchange program; it may be counted as coursework taken in residence. Transfer credit is awarded for work in an affiliated studies program. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary.

Upper-Division Courses

R S 320. Introduction to Research Methods in the Study of Religion.

Introduction to research methods in the study of religion, including, historical, social scientific, cultural studies, and digital humanities approaches. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 321. History of Hindu Religious Traditions.

Same as Anthropology 322N, Asian Studies 340D, and History 364C. History of major doctrines, practices, and institutions that shaped the development of Hinduism; how religions adapt to social and cultural change and often provide the catalyst for change. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 322N, 324L (Topic 23), Asian Studies 340 (Topic 4), 340D, History 364C, 364G (Topic 1), Religious Studies 321. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 322. History of Indian Buddhism.

Same as Asian Studies 340E. The institutional, social, economic, and doctrinal history of Buddhism in India. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic 5), 340E, Religious Studies 322. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 325. Prophet of Islam: His Life and Times.

Same as History 364D and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 8). A detailed study of the prophet Muhammad's life and message, and of the means by which his life was recorded and popularized. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 364G (Topic 2), 364D, Islamic Studies 340 (Topic 1), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 8), Religious Studies 325. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 325C. Russia's Soul: Spiritual Traditions.

Same as Comparative Literature 323 (Topic 79), History 361O, and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 325 (Topic 33). Explore complex history of Orthodox Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism in Russia. Examine important worship sites, including monasteries and pilgrimage destinations. Have discussions with Russian scholars of religion and practitioners of different faiths. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Comparative Literature 323 (Topic 79), History 361O, Religious Studies 325C, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 325 (Topic 33). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 325G. The Qur'an.

Same as Comparative Literature 323 (Topic 37), Core Texts and Ideas 375 (Topic 1), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 9), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 16), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 54). The history, language, style, and themes of the Qur'an. Only one of the following may be counted: Comparative Literature 323 (Topic 37), Core Texts and Ideas 375 (Topic 1), Islamic Studies 340 (Topic 2), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 9), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 16), Religious Studies 325G, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 54). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 326. History of Religion in America since 1800.

Same as History 351P. Introduction to the history of religion in the United States of America from the nineteenth century to the present. Focuses on how diverse peoples imagined and transformed the landscape, interacted with one another at different sites, and moved within and across national borders. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 129S, 229S, 329S, 429S, 529S, 629S, 729S, 829S, 929S. Topics in Religious Studies.

This course is used to record credit the student earns while enrolled at another institution in a program administered by the University's Study Abroad Office. Credit is recorded as assigned by the study abroad adviser in the Department of Religious Studies. University credit is awarded for work in an exchange program; it may be counted as coursework taken in residence. Transfer credit is awarded for work in an affiliated program. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary.

R S 335. Jesus in History and Tradition.

Same as Classical Civilization 348 (Topic 10: Jesus in History and Tradition). Critical issues, scholarly debates, and historical methods in studying the development of the Christian tradition regarding the figure of Jesus. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 335C. Political Ideologies and Manifestos.

Same as European Studies 348 (Topic 16), Government 324C, and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 335 (Topic 33). Survey major political ideologies like socialism, capitalism, and fascism; as well as the more recent so-called "Fourth Political Theory" of Russian ideologue Aleksandr Dugin, (variable) popular ideologies, and internet manifestos. Explore each ideology through original texts and utopian/dystopian representations in popular culture (e.g., literature, film, music, graphic art, architecture, design). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 348 (Topic 16), Government 324C, Religious Studies 335C, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 335 (Topic: Polit Ideologies/Manifestos), 335 (Topic 33). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 335D. Queering Black Religions.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 352O, American Studies 335, and Women's and Gender Studies 335 (Topic 25). Explore the ways Africana religion practitioners disrupt and reframe dominant western discourses of gender and sexuality. Examine concepts of temporality, spirit manifestation, subjectivity, corporeality, and Africana religious epistemologies. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 352O, American Studies 335, Religious Studies 335D, Women's and Gender Studies 335 (Topic 25). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 337. Religion and Society.

Same as Sociology 343. The growth and decline of religious groups and traditions; "cults" and new religions; comparative sociology of religion; the United States religious landscape; religion and individual health and well-being; spirituality and other aspects of social life. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 337 and Sociology 343 may not both be counted. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 340C. Shrines and Sanctuaries.

Same as Classical Civilization 340 (Topic 13). Survey Greek and Roman religious architecture and sacred space from the Bronze Age to the Hellenistic and Roman Empires. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 340 (Topic: Shrines and Sanctuaries), 340 (Topic 13), Religious Studies 340C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 341C. Gandhi and Gandhism.

Same as Asian Studies 361 (Topic 6) and History 350L (Topic 5). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 361 (Topic 6), History 350L (Topic 5), Religious Studies 341 (Topic 5), 341C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 341E. The Taj Mahal and the Diversity of Indian Art.

Same as Art History 348M. Examination of the period when Islamic dynasties controlled much of the subcontinent and how a unique mix of forms and cultural practices shaped the development of monuments such as the Taj Mahal. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 348M, 372 (Topic: The Taj Mahal and the Diversity of Indian Art), Asian Studies 372 (Topic: The Taj Mahal and the Diversity of Indian Art), Religious Studies 341 (Topic 9), 341E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 341F. Jainism: Religion of Non-Violence.

Same as Asian Studies 340J. Survey of the history, doctrines, institutions, and practices of Jainism from its origins to the present. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Jainism: Relig of Non-Violence), 340J, Religious Studies 341 (Topic: Jainism: Relig of Non-Violence), 341F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 341K. Karma: Ethical Theories of India.

Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 341 (Topic 15) and 341K may not both be counted. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 341M. Gender, Sexuality, and the Family in Indian Religions and Cultures.

Same as Anthropology 322O, Asian Studies 372K, and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 25). A comprehensive historical overview of gender issues as they are represented in the textual traditions of South Asia. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 322O, 324L (Topic 40), Asian Studies 372 (Topic 25), 372K, Religious Studies 341 (Topic 3), 341M, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 25). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 341P. Indian Poetry and Religions.

Same as Asian Studies 379 (Topic 4). Explores the intersections of religion and poetry in the history of Indian literature as expressed in multiple settings and variations including hymns, chants, bhajans, poetic narratives, and new poetic conventions that deal with caste and gender identities. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 379 (Topic 4), Religious Studies 341 (Topic 11), 341P. Prerequisite: For Asian studies majors, twelve semester hours of upper-division coursework in Asian studies; for others, upper-division standing.

R S 341T. Buddhist Art.

Same as Art History 348N and Asian Studies 374C. Explores the development of Buddhist art in South Asia, the land of its origin as well as its spread elsewhere. Focus on the question of "what is" Buddhist art. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 348N, 372 (Topic: Buddhist Art), Asian Studies 372 (Topic 24), 374C, Religious Studies 341 (Topic 8), 341T.

R S 341U. Devotional Literature of India.

Same as Asian Studies 340U. Discuss the songs of major saints. Examine how holy men and women expressed their religiosity through the medium of songs and poetry over the centuries and consider the role these songs had in shaping the religious communities of India. All works will be studied in translation. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Devotional Lit Of India), 340U, Religious Studies 341 (Topic: Devotional Lit Of India), 341U. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 342C. Major Islamic Texts.

Same as History 364I and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 72). Introduction to key religious, philosophical, and political ideas from part of the Islamicate world through sustained readings of core texts. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 364I, Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Major Islamic Texts), 342 (Topic 72), Religious Studies 342C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 343D. Muslim Travelers and Traders.

Same as Asian Studies 343D, History 343D, and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 23). Introduction to modern Middle Eastern and Islamic history in the broader context of globalization, with a primary focus on the nineteenth century to the present. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 343D, History 343D, 366N (Topic: Muslim Travelers and Traders), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic: Muslim Travelers and Traders), 343 (Topic 23), Religious Studies 343D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 344. The Age of Reformation.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 355R and History 343. Examines late medieval religion, the rise of Protestant movements, and the Catholic response in their cultural, political, and social contexts. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 355R, 375 (Topic: The Age of Reformation), History 343, Religious Studies 344. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 345. Islamic Spain and North Africa to 1492.

Same as History 375D and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 4). An introduction to the impact of Islam on Spain and North Africa, with emphasis on social, economic, and cultural development. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic: Islamic Spain and North Africa to 1492), History 375D, Islamic Studies 373 (Topic: Islamic Spain and North Africa to 1492), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 4), Religious Studies 345, 363 (Topic: Islamic Spain and North Africa to 1492). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346C. Religion and Visual Culture in the United States.

Focuses on artifacts or "visual culture," and considers how religion mediates artifacts and how artifacts mediate religion. Three lecture hours or two lecture hours and one discussion hour a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 325 (Topic: Religion and Visual Culture in the United States), Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Religion and Visual Culture in the United States), 346C.

R S 346D. Native American Religions.

Same as American Studies 327C. Examination of religious developments in Native American communities from the precolonial period through the present day. Focus on the changing forms of ritual practice and the relationship between religion and community life. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic: Native American Religion), 327C, Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Native American Religion), 346D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346E. Religion and Film.

Same as American Studies 321V. Survey of representations of religious beliefs, practices, persons, and institutions in popular film. Examination of film as a vehicle to reflect how a shared religious imagination shaped the way Americans understand themselves. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 321 (Topic: Religion and Film), 321V, Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Religion and Film), 346E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346F. United States Catholic History.

Same as American Studies 327D, History 365G (Topic 1), and Mexican American Studies 374 (Topic 37). Examine how Catholicism and national identity work for Catholics in the United States, with an emphasis on Catholic women and Latino/as. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic 4), 327D, History 365G (Topic 1), Mexican American Studies 374 (Topic 37), Religious Studies 346 (Topic 5), 346F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346G. Religion in the American West.

Same as American Studies 327G. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic: Religion in the American West), 327 (Topic 8), 327G, Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Religion in the American West), 346G. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346I. Unbelief in America.

Same as History 365G (Topic 16). Examine the history of unbelief and the role that it has played in US history. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 350L (Topic: Unbelief in America), 365G (Topic: Unbelief in America), 365G (Topic 16), Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Unbelief in America), 346I. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346J. Evangelical Christianity.

Same as American Studies 327E. An introduction to the intellectual and social sources of evangelical Protestant traditions in the United States, their varieties of belief and practice, and their role in the wider Christian community and American society. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic: Evangelical Christianity), 327 (Topic 5), 327E, Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Evangelical Christianity), 346 (Topic 6), 346J. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346K. The Black Church in African American Politics.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 350S and Government 371F. Explore the political role of the Black church in the African American experience. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 350S, 374D (Topic 14), Government 370K (Topic 4), 371F, Religious Studies 346 (Topic 7), 346K. Prerequisite: Six semester hours of lower-division coursework in Government.

R S 346L. Representation of Jews in the American Public Sphere.

Same as Anthropology 325D and Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 11). Examines how Jews have been represented and constituted in American public culture as a race, religion, and/or nation through distinct institutions and display practices. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 325D, 325L (Topic 13), Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 11), Religious Studies 346 (Topic 8), 346L. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346M. Music and Religious Identities in the US.

Same as American Studies 325E and Music 346R. Examine religious music in Christianity and Judaism in relation to communities in religious context of Europe and the United States. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 325 (Topic: Music and Religious Identities in the US), 325E, Music 346R, 376G (Topic: US Music/Religious Identity), Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Music and Religious Identities in the US), 346M. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346N. American Jewish Material Culture.

Same as Anthropology 325O and Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 12). Examines the interplay between material culture and Jewish identity and thought in contemporary America. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 325L (Topic 17), 325O, Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 12), Religious Studies 346 (Topic 9), 346N. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346O. Religion and Food.

Same as American Studies 346O. Examine the material relationships between religion and food, by comparing the ritual functions of food in religious traditions and the collective constructions of religious identities in traditional foodways. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 321 (Topic: Religion and Food), 346O, Religious Studies 346O, 373 (Topic: Religion and Food). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346P. Religion in American Political Thought.

Same as Government 335C. Explore religion and politics in the United States through reading of mostly primary sources addressing religious arguments taking positions on historical and contemporary issues. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Government 335C, 335M (Topic 5), Religious Studies 346 (Topic 2), 346P. Prerequisite: Six semester hours of lower-division coursework in Government.

R S 346R. Religion and Social Justice in United States.

Same as American Studies 327I. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic: Religion/Social Justice US), 327I, Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Religion/Social Justice US), 346R. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 346S. Debating the Bible in the Twenty-First Century.

Same as American Studies 327J and Core Texts and Ideas 355T. Examine the ways in which individuals, primarily in the United States, have regarded the Bible as relevant or irrelevant to contemporary life. Discuss contemporary controversial issues in which the Bible has played a role and how these relate to earlier controversies, such as the position of the Bible on slavery. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic: Debating the Bible in 21st Century), 327J, Core Texts and Ideas 355T, 375 (Topic: Debating the Bible in 21st Century), Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Debating the Bible in 21st Century), 346 (Topic 11), 346S. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing; introductory courses in the Hebrew Bible and/or New Testament recommended.

R S 346U. The History of Islam in the United States.

Same as American Studies 370 (Topic 61) and History 350R (Topic 22). A brief introduction to Islam. Defines the role of Islam and views of Muslims in the early history of the United States, and introduces students to major issues concerning contemporary American Muslims. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 370 (Topic 61), History 350R (Topic 22), Islamic Studies 372 (Topic 21), Religious Studies 346 (Topic 10), 346U. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing and six semester hours of coursework in history.

R S 346V. African American Religions.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 352G. Survey the history and variety of religion as practiced by Americans of African descent. Examine the social construction of African religion, black religion, and the black church, within the cultural context of the United States. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 352G, 374D (Topic: African American Religions), Religious Studies 346 (Topic: African American Religions), 346V. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 352D. Japanese Religion and Western Imagination.

Same as Anthropology 324D and Asian Studies 340C. Examines Japanese religious traditions, with a focus on Zen, through the perspective of people living in non-Japanese societies since the end of World War II. Explores different ways in which non-Japanese have imagined Japanese religious and ethical ideas and both explained Japanese behavior and adopted ideas about Japan into their writings about philosophy and life. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Japanese Religion and Western Imagination), 340C, Anthropology 324D, 324L (Topic: Japanese Religion and Western Imagination), Religious Studies 352 (Topic: Japanese Religion and Western Imagination), 352D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 352E. Confucianism.

Same as Asian Studies 372L. Explore the philosophical and historical context of Confucianism, from its origins in ancient China through the early empire and beyond. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 372 (Topic 32), 372L, Core Text and Ideas 375 (Topic: World of Confucians), Religious Studies 352 (Topic 10), 352E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 352F. Religion and Family in Japanese Society.

Same as Anthropology 328F and Asian Studies 361 (Topic 38). Explores the structures of family, kinship, and religion in Japan since 1868 and their roles in the creation and expression of national and individual identities. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 328F, Asian Studies 361 (Topic 38), Religious Studies 352 (Topic 9), 352F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 352G. Shamanism and the Primitive.

Same as Anthropology 325W, Asian Studies 341P, and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 345 (Topic 12). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Shamanism & the Primitive), 325W, Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Shamanism & the Primitive), 341P, Religious Studies 352 (Topic: Shamanism & the Primitive), 352G, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 345 (Topic: Shamanism & the Primitive), 345 (Topic 12). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 352R. Ritual and Religion in Korea.

Same as Asian Studies 340G. Examine major religious traditions of Korea; focus on the recent history and contemporary practice, and the relation between religion and politics during Korea's colonial (1910-1945) and postcolonial eras. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Ritual and Religion in Korea), Asian Studies 340 (Topic 10), 340G, Religious Studies 352 (Topic 4), 352R. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 352S. Japanese Concepts of Body and Self.

Same as Anthropology 324L (Topic 69) and Asian Studies 372N. Exploration of anthropological literature describing Japanese conceptions of self and body, and analysis of the intersection of these conceptions of self with Japanese ideas about religion, morality, aging, and medicine. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Japanese Concepts of Body and Self), 324L (Topic 69), Asian Studies 372 (Topic 41), 372N, Religious Studies 352 (Topic 8), 352S. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353C. Angels, Demons, and Magic in Early Christianity.

Same as Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 53). Examine angelology, demonology and magic influence on the lives of early Christians and Christianity. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Angel/Demon/Magic Early Cen), 342 (Topic 53), Religious Studies 353 (Topic: Angel/Demon/Magic Early Cen), 353C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353D. The Dead Sea Scrolls.

Same as Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic 1), History 364E, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 4), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 17), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 23). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic 1), History 364G (Topic 3), 364E, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 4), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 17), Middle Easterm Studies 342 (Topic 23), Religious Studies 353D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353E. Beyond the New Testament.

Same as Classical Civilization 348F. Study of early Christian writings that were not included in the Christian Bible. Examines issues such as the effect of narrative, religion and violence, gendered expectations for women and men, the uses of fantasy literature, and religious authority. Emphasis on systematic methods for disciplined interpretation. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Beyond the New Testament), 348F, Religious Studies 353E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353F. Interpretation of Jesus' Death and Resurrection.

Same as Classical Civilization 348D. Examine the narratives of Jesus' death and resurrection and their subsequent interpretation over the last two thousand years. Analyze historical Christian and Islamic texts, contemporary debates and cultural context. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Interpretation of Jesus' Death and Resurrection), 348D, Religious Studies 353 (Topic: Interpretation of Jesus' Death and Resurrection), 353F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353G. Abraham and Abrahamic Religions.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 354, Jewish Studies 363D, and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 52). Examines the figure of Abraham as portrayed in the Bible and the reception of that portrayal in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 354, 375 (Topic: Abraham & Abrahamic Religions), Jewish Studies 363 (Topic: Abraham & Abrahamic Religions), 363D, Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Abraham & Abrahamic Religions), 342 (Topic: 52), Religious Studies 353 (Topic: Abraham & Abrahamic Religions), 353G. Prerequisite: Upper division standing.

R S 353J. Revelation and Apocalyptic Literature.

Same as Classical Civilization 348I. Examine the Book of Revelation in the context of early Christian and Jewish literature. Study other apocalyptic texts, methods of textual analysis, and the ongoing effects of Revelation in modern American culture. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Revelation and Apocalyptic Lit), 348I, Religious Studies 353 (Topic 1), 353J. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353K. Law and Justice in the Bible.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 354L, Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 30), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 66). Examine the legal traditions of the Torah (Pentateuch) and what they reveal about the practice of law and justice in ancient Israel and the wider biblical world. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 354L, Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 30), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Law/Justice in the Bible), 342 (Topic 66), Religious Studies 353 (Topic: Law/Justice in the Bible), 353K. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353L. The Sacred and the Secular in Contemporary Jewish Literature.

Same as Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 10), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 8), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 8). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 10), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 8), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 8), Religious Studies 353 (Topic 3), 353L. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353M. Debating Genesis.

Same as Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 26), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321D, and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 65). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Jewish Studies 363 (Topic: Debating Genesis), 363 (Topic 26), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic: Debating Genesis), 321D, Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Debating Genesis), 342 (Topic 65), Religious Studies 353 (Topic: Debating Genesis), 353M. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353N. Biblical Prophecy.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 354P, Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 28), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 37). An introduction to the diversity of prophetic literature in the Old Testament, its historical development, social context, and Near Eastern parallels. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 354P, 375 (Topic: Biblical Prophecy), Jewish Studies 363 (Topic: Biblical Prophecy), 363 (Topic 28), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 24), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 37), Religious Studies 353 (Topic: Biblical Prophecy), 353N, 361 (Topic: Biblical Prophecy). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353P. Paul and His Social World.

Same as Classical Civilization 348J. Examine the life and letters of the first-century Jewish missionary Paul by interpreting his writings within the context of diaspora Judaism and the broader Greco-Roman world. Explore his legacy within the context of early church history. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Paul and His Social World), 348J, Religious Studies 353 (Topic 2), 353P. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 353R. The Five Books of Moses.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 354F, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 15), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 68). Study the socio-historical circumstances that gave shape to the first five books of the Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. Examine how these five books achieved the status of sacred literature. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 354F, 375 (Topic: The Five Books of Moses), Jewish Studies 364 (Topic: The Five Books of Moses), 364 (Topic 15), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: The Five Books of Moses), 342 (Topic 68), Religious Studies 353 (Topic: The Five Books of Moses), 353R, 361 (Topic: The Five Books of Moses). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 354D. The Bible and History.

Same as Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 3). The critical uses of biblical and extrabiblical data in the reconstruction of the history of the biblical period. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic: The Bible and History), Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 3), Religious Studies 354D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 354J. History of Jewish Thought.

Same as History 325S and Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 18). Examine major thinkers and movements in both Jewish philosophy and Jewish mysticism since the Middle Ages, with a focus on the importance of modern Jewish thought in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 325S, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 18), Religious Studies 354J. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 355. The Bible as Literature.

Same as English 358J. In-depth literary study of the Bible, with emphasis on the formal features of narrative, hymn, prophecy, apocalypse, gospel, and epistle. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. English 358J and Religious Studies 355 may not both be counted. Prerequisite: One of the following: Comparative Literature 315, English 303D, 316L, 316M, 316N, 316P, or Tutorial Course 303D.

R S 355K. The Bible in British and American Literature.

Same as English 358K. The reading of biblical masterpieces as literature; consideration of different versions of the Bible and their influence on British and American literature. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. English 358K and Religious Studies 355K may not both be counted. Prerequisite: One of the following: Comparative Literature 315, English 303D, 316L, 316M, 316N, 316P, or Tutorial Course 303D.

R S 356C. Italian Renaissance, 1350-1550.

Same as European Studies 346 (Topic 27) and History 343G. Survey of political, socioeconomic, religious, and intellectual trends during the Italian Renaissance. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 346 (Topic: Italian Renaissance, 1350-1550), 346 (Topic 27), History 343G, Religious Studies 356C, 357 (Topic: Italian Renaissance, 1350-1550). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 356D. Satan and the Idea of Evil.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 342. Explore the history and breadth of Satan's role as a character (or background presence) in literature while developing close-reading techniques for literary analysis that can be applied across diverse eras, forms, and genres. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 342, 345 (Topic: Satan and the Idea of Evil), 345 (Topic 2), Religious Studies 356D, 357 (Topic: Satan and the Idea of Evil). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 356F. Twelfth-Century Renaissance: 1050-1200.

Same as Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic 8), European Studies 346 (Topic 40), and History 344G. An examination of social, cultural, and intellectual developments in eleventh- and twelfth-century Europe. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic: Twelfth-Cent Renais: 1050-1200), 330 (Topic: 12th-Century Renais: 1050-1200), 330 (Topic 8), European Studies 346 (Topic: 12th-Century Renais: 1050-1200), 346 (Topic 40), History 344G, Religious Studies 356F, 357 (Topic: 12th-Century Renais: 1050-1200). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 356G. The Galileo Affair.

Same as History 350L (Topic 32). Examine the life and work of Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), particularly his conflict with Church authorities and his condemnation in 1633. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 350L (Topic 32), Religious Studies 356G, 357 (Topic: The Galileo Affair). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 356M. Christian Quest for Meaning.

Study classic Christian texts throughout history. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 375 (Topic: Christian Quest for Meaning), Religious Studies 356M, 357 (Topic: Christian Quest for Meaning), 361 (Topic: Christian Quest for Meaning). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 356P. People of the Midnight Sun - Sami Culture and Civilization.

Same as German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 362I. Examine the indigenous people of Scandinavia, the Sami, including their history, culture, and self-expression. Explore issues of indigeneity, decolonization, and religious repression. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 360 (Topic: Midnight Sun People: Sami), 362I, Religious Studies 356P, 361 (Topic: Midnight Sun People: Sami). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 356R. Ritual and Belief in Ancient Greece.

Same as Classical Civilization 348M. Investigate the practices, premises, and cultural contexts of ancient Greek religion through direct study of ancient sources informed by modern critical approaches. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Ancient Greek Religion), 348M, Religious Studies 356R, 365 (Topic: Ancient Greek Religion). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357C. Machiavelli: Politics and Culture.

Same as Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic 6), Core Texts and Ideas 330M, and History 344R. Through Niccolo Machiavelli's chief writings, consider the local, regional, Mediterranean, European, and global aspects of his work. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic: Machiavelli), 330 (Topic 6), Core Texts and Ideas 330M, 375 (Topic: Machiavelli), European Studies 346 (Topic: Machiavelli), History 344R, 350L (Topic: Machiavelli), Liberal Arts Honors 350 (Topic: Machiavelli), 351P, Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Machiavelli), 357C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357D. Heresy and the Inquisition.

Same as History 350L (Topic 33). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 350L (Topic 33), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 1), 357D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357E. Jews of Eastern Europe.

Same as History 362R, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 7), and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 335 (Topic 23). Explores the history and culture of Jews in Eastern Europe. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 362G (Topic 8), 362R, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 7), Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 335 (Topic 23), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 13), 357E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357F. Heretics and Freedom Fighters, 1350-1650.

Same as European Studies 346 (Topic 8), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 360 (Topic 3), and History 362T. Explores the theologies, politics, and personal identities that emerged and passed away in this era. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Czech 324 (Topic 4), European Studies 346 (Topic 8), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 360 (Topic 3), History 362G (Topic 12), 362T, Religious Studies 357 (Topic 12), 357F, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 325 (Topic 28). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357G. Geography of Religion in Eastern Europe and Russia.

Same as Geography 356T (Topic 14) and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 345 (Topic 9). A comprehensive overview of major religious culture regions in the former Eastern bloc countries. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Geography 356T (Topic: Geography of Religion in Eastern Europe and Russia), 356T (Topic 14), Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Geography of Religion in Eastern Europe and Russia), 357 (Topic 5), 357G, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 345 (Topic: Geography of Religion in Eastern Europe and Russia), 345 (Topic 9). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357I. Byzantine Art.

Same as Art History 329J. Examination of the medieval art and architecture of the eastern Roman empire, including related traditions (Coptic, Armenian, Georgian, Crusader, Norman). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 329J, Religious Studies 357 (Topic 2), 357I.

R S 357J. Northern Renaissance Art, 1350-1500.

Same as Art History 332K and European Studies 347 (Topic 27). Northern European art from the International Style to van Eyck and Hieronymus Bosch. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 332K, European Studies 347 (Topic: Northern Renaissance Art, 1350-1500), 347 (Topic 27), Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Northern Renaissance Art, 1350-1500), 357 (Topic 7), 357J.

R S 357K. Northern Renaissance Art, 1500-1600.

Same as Art History 332L and European Studies 347 (Topic 32). Art and cultural development in the sixteenth century; artists include Duerer, Gruenewald, Holbein, and Brueghel. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 332L, European Studies 347 (Topic: Northern Renaissance Art, 1500-1600), 347 (Topic 32), Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Northern Renaissance Art, 1500-1600), 357 (Topic 6), 357K.

R S 357L. The Spanish Inquisition.

Same as European Studies 346 (Topic 11), History 350L (Topic 77), and Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 5). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 346 (Topic 11), History 350L (Topic 77), Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 5), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 10), 357L. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357M. Spinoza and Modernity.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 321F, European Studies 346 (Topic 21), History 362P, and Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 9). Introduction to the core of Spinoza's writings and the diverse reactions they have elicited. Examines Spinoza's refusal of mind-body dualism, as well as a transcendent god or ideal as a way of understanding Spinoza's concepts and ideas. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 321F, European Studies 346 (Topic 21), 347 (Topic: Spinoza and Modernity), History 362P, Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 9), Philosophy 354 (Topic 7), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 8), 357M. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357N. Northern Gods, Northern Faiths: The Conversion of Scandinavians, Finns, Northern Slavs and Shamans.

Same as German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361G and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 345 (Topic 7). An introduction to the basic source texts for several pre-Christian belief systems evolving in geographic proximity and their influence on one another including pre-Christian Slavic; pre-Christian Scandinavian; pre-Christian Sami and Finnish; and ancient and modern Siberian shamanism. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361G, Religious Studies 357 (Topic 16), 357N, Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 345 (Topic 7). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357O. The Church and the Jews.

Same as European Studies 346 (Topic 28), History 361D, and Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 10). Examination of the complex relationship between the Western Church and Jews over two millenia. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 346 (Topic: The Church and the Jews), 346 (Topic 28), History 361D, 362G (Topic 14), Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 10), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 9), 357O. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357P. Jewish Folklore.

Same as Anthropology 325T, German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361W, and Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 25). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Antropology 325L (Topic: Jewish Folklore), 325T, German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 360 (Topic: Jewish Folklore), 361W, Jewish Studies 363 (Topic: Jewish Folklore), 363 (Topic 25), Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Jewish Folklore), 357P. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357Q. Gothic Cathedral: Amiens.

Same as Art History 330J and European Studies 347 (Topic 30). An examination of the cathedral at Amiens, its meaning, structure, political and financial contexts, and sculptural programs, as well as its influence on other buildings in France and Germany. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 330J, 374 (Topic: Gothic Cathedral: Amiens), European Studies 347 (Topic: Gothic Cathedral: Amiens), 347 (Topic 30), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 14), 357Q.

R S 357R. The Age of Rembrandt and Rubens: Northern Baroque Art.

Same as Art History 333L and European Studies 347 (Topic 31). Northern European art in the seventeenth century, stressing the Netherlands and Flanders. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 333L, European Studies 347 (Topic: The Age of Rembrandt and Rubens: Northern Baroque Art), 347 (Topic 31), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 11), 357R.

R S 357S. The Sacred and the Secular in Modern European Thought.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 332, European Studies 346 (Topic 32), and History 361G. Introduces key themes and methodologies of intellectual history and social theory by exploring the dueling approaches to secularization and sacralization in modern European thought. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 332, 335 (Topic: Sacred and Secular in Modern European Thought), 335 (Topic 7), European Studies 346 (Topic: Sacred and Secular in Modern European Thought), 346 (Topic 32), History 361G, 362G (Topic: Sacred and Secular in Modern European Thought), 362G (Topic 19), Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Sacred and Secular in Modern European Thought), 357 (Topic 20), 357S. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357T. Introduction to Germanic Religion and Myth.

Same as European Studies 347 (Topic 3) and German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361C. Survey of the sources and main features of Germanic religion and of the transition from paganism to Christianity in northern Europe and the Germanic territories of western Europe. Subjects include cosmogonic myths; the origin of man and of society; the concept of the soul; gods and goddesses and their mythology; and the organization of worship. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: English 322 (Topic 2), European Studies 347 (Topic 3), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361C, Religious Studies 365 (Topic 2), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 17), 357T. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357U. Medieval Women Mystics.

Same as European Studies 347 (Topic 18), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361D, and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 51). The life and writings of Saint Birgitta of Sweden, fourteenth-century visionary, religious reformer, and pilgrim, examined and compared with her predecessor Hildegard of Bingen (Germany), her successor Margery Kempe (England), as well as Margery's mentor, Julian of Norwich. Social and historical contexts for all four of these women mystics will be explored in depth. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 347 (Topic 18), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 361D, Germanic Civilization 327E (Topic 10), Religious Studies 357 (Topic 15), 357U, Scandinavian 373 (Topic 8), Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 51). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357V. Holocaust Aftereffects.

Same as Comparative Literature 323 (Topic 40), European Studies 346 (Topic 23), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 360 (Topic 1), Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 14), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 66). Explores the historical, political, psychological, theological, and cultural fallout of the Holocaust, as well as literary and cinematic responses in Europe and the United States. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Comparative Literature 323 (Topic 40), European Studies 346 (Topic 23), German, Scandinavian, and Dutch Studies 360 (Topic 1), Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 14), Liberal Arts Honors 350 (Topic: Holocaust Aftereffects), 351Q, Religious Studies 357 (Topic 18), 357V, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic: Holocaust Aftereffects), 340 (Topic 66). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 357W. Russian Orthodox Religion and Culture.

Same as History 325Q and Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies 325 (Topic 41). Examine the role and force of the Orthodox Church in Russian history, from the Christianization of the pagan Slavs in the 10th century, through the Russian Revolution into the Soviet era, and up to the present, while considering the prescriptive tenets of the Orthodox faith (religion) alongside descriptive experiences of life within and under Russian Orthodoxy (religiosity). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 325Q, 366N (Topic: Rus Orthodox Religion/Cultr), Religious Studies 357 (Topic: Rus Orthodox Religion/Cultr), 357W, Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies 325 (Topic: Rus Orthodox Religion/Cultr), 325 (Topic 41). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358C. Islam and Politics.

Same as Government 364C and Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 9). An introduction to Islamic political thought. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Government 364C, 365N (Topic: Islam and Politics), Islamic Studies 373 (Topic: Islam and Politics), 373 (Topic 19), Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic: Islam and Politics), 341 (Topic 9), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: Islam and Politics), 358C. Prerequisite: Upper division standing.

R S 358D. Muslim Women in Politics.

Same as Anthropology 324N, Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 12), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 56). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Muslim Women in Politics), 324N, Islamic Studies 372 (Topic 23), Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 12), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 19), 358D, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 56). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358E. Medieval Islam: Faith and History.

Same as History 350L (Topic 34) and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 5). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 350L (Topic 34), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 5), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 2), 358E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358F. French Empire: The West and Islam.

Same as History 364Q and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 22). The development of regions within the Mediterranean, variously called the West and East or Europe and Islam, with an emphasis on the role of modern France and France's Mediterranean empire. Three lecture hours for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 364G (Topic 7), 364Q, Islamic Studies 372 (Topic 22), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 22), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 16), 358F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358G. Gender Politics in the Islamic World.

Same as Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 7), Sociology 336G, and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 44). Study of the Islamic world and major sociological concepts such as gender, social organizations, culture, and politics. Examines how culture is mediated by politics, resulting in diverse interpretations of Islam and in different policies with respect to women's rights. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Islamic Studies 373 (Topic 11), Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 7), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 8), 358G, Sociology 336G, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 44). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358I. Sufism: Islamic Thought and Spirituality.

Same as Asian Studies 340Q, History 339S, and Middle Eastern Studies 342S. Explore Sufism and other Islamic mystical traditions that color cultural milieus spanning four continents and fourteen centuries. Focus on the historical developments in the Islamic theosophical tradition, as well as the relationship between Sufism and poetics, colonialism, and post-colonial resistance movements. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic 8), 340Q, 361 (Topic: Sufism and Islam Mysticism), History 339S, 366N (Topic: Sufism and Islam Mysticism), Islamic Studies 340 (Topic 4), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Sufism and Islam Mysticism), 342 (Topic 24), 342S, Religious Studies 358 (Topic 4), 358I, 361 (Topic: Sufism and Islam Mysticism). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358J. Sex and Sexuality in the Muslim World.

Same as Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 13), Sociology 342S, and Women's and Gender Studies 335 (Topic 20). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Islamic Studies 372 (Topic: Sex/Sexuality Muslim World), 372 (Topic 25), Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 13), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: Sex/Sexuality Muslim World), 358J, Sociology 321K (Topic: Sex/Sexuality Muslim World), 342S, Women's and Gender Studies 335 (Topic: Sex/Sexuality Muslim World), 335 (Topic 20). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358K. Islamic Law.

Same as Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 19), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 27), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 27). Designed to give students a foundation in the substantive teachings of the shariah, which comprises not only what we normally think of as law, but also ethics and etiquette. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Islamic Studies 340 (Topic 5), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic: Islamic Law), 321 (Topic 19), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 27), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: Islamic Law), 358 (Topic 9), 358K, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 27). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358L. Rule of Law in the Middle East.

Same as Government 366O and Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 11). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Government 366O, Islamic Studies 373 (Topic 25), Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 11), Religious Studies 358L. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358O. Origins of Monotheism.

Same as Jewish Studies 364 (Topic 13) and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 10). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Jewish Studies 364 (Topic: Origins of Monotheism), 364 (Topic 13), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic: Origins of Monotheism), 343 (Topic 10), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: Origins of Monotheism), 358O. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358P. History of the Pilgrimage to Mecca, Hajj.

Same as History 367E and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 7). Survey of the Hajj, Islam's major pilgrimage to Mecca and the nearby Holy Places. It will examine the Islamic pilgrimage from its beginnings in the seventh century C.E. through today. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 364G (Topic: History of the Pilgrimage to Mecca, Hajj), 364G (Topic 14), 367E, Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic: History of the Pilgrimage to Mecca), 343 (Topic 7), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: History of the Pilgrimage to Mecca), 358 (Topic 24), 358P. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358Q. Supervised Research.

Individual instruction. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358R. Islamic Ethics.

Same as Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 58) and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 80). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Islamic Studies 340 (Topic: Islamic Ethics), 340 (Topic 9), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Islamic Ethics), 342 (Topic 58), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: Islamic Ethics), 358R, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic: Islamic Ethics), 340 (Topic 80). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358S. Saints and Shrines in Islam.

Same as Asian Studies 340I. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Saints & Shrines In Islam), 340 (Topic 23), 340I, Religious Studies 358 (Topic 23), 358S. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358U. Islamic Theology.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 357, Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 27), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 35). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 375 (Topic 2), 357, Islamic Studies 340 (Topic 7), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 27), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 35), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 14), 358U. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358V. Veiling in the Muslim World.

Same as Asian Studies 372F, Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 22), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 11). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 372 (Topic 14), 372F, Islamic Studies 372 (Topic 2), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 22), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 5), 358V, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 11). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 358W. Gender and Art in the Muslim World.

Same as Asian Studies 374D, Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 31), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 40), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 62). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 372 (Topic 46), 374D, Islamic Studies 373 (Topic 15), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 31), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 40), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 20), 358W, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 62). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 359C. Graffiti and Poster Art in the Islamic World.

Same as Anthropology 324L (Topic 59), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 36), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 44), and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 67). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic 59), Islamic Studies 373 (Topic 17), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic 36), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 44), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 21), 359C, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 67). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 359D. Islam in the Early Modern World: Religion and Culture.

Same as History 367S and Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic 20). Examine a history of the religious and cultural development across the Islamic world between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries, stemming from the rise of the Mongols and the end of the caliphate. Explore the early modern Muslim empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and the Mughals. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 364G (Topic: Islam Early Mod World:Rel/Cult), 367S, Islamic Studies 372 (Topic: Islam Early Mod World:Rel/Cult), 373 (Topic 20), Middle Eastern Studies 343 (Topic: Islam Early Mod World:Rel/Cult), 343 (Topic 20), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 22), 359D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 359E. Shia Islam.

Same as Asian Studies 340W. Examine how the first century of Islamic history inaugurated debates concerning authority, piety, and justice and how these debates have continued to the present. Explore the social forces and ideologies that shaped Shiism. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Shia Islam), 340W, Islamic Studies 340 (Topic: Shia Islam), 340 (Topic 8), Religious Studies 358 (Topic: Shia Islam), 359E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 359K. The Shock of Modernity in the Middle East.

Same as Government 366P, History 331I, and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 77). Explore cross cultural contacts between the East and the West during the modern period. Analyze Islamic civilization in the Middle East of the modern era by addressing the development of religion, law, government, and morality during and after the colonial period. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Government 366P, History 331I, Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Modernity in the Mid East), 342 (Topic 77), Religious Studies 359K. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 359L. Myths and Legends of the Ancient Near East.

Same as Classical Civilization 348N, History 334D, and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 85). Explore myths and legends contained in a variety of ancient sources, including texts from Israel, Greece, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348N, History 334D, Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 85), Religious Studies 359L. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 359M. Arts of Islam, 650-1500.

Same as Art History 328J. Early Islamic art and architecture, with an emphasis on interconnections between the Islamic world and Europe. Examines unique ways Islamic visual culture developed out of the classical and late antique world. Artworks will be contextualized within early Islamic history, religion, and culture. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 328J, 363 (Topic: Arts of Islam: Caliphs-Sultans), Islamic Studies 372 (Topic: Arts of Islam: Caliphs-Sultans), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Topic: Arts of Islam: Caliphs-Sultans), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Arts of Islam: Caliphs-Sultans), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 17), 359M.

R S 359N. Arts of Islam 1500-Present.

Same as Art History 328K. Later Islamic art and architecture, beginning with the world empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals, and extending into the modern and contemporary periods. Subjects include the social and historical context of Islamic art in these periods and its unique visual culture. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 328K, 363 (Topic: Arts of Islam, 1500-1800), 363 (Topic: Arts of Islam: 1500-Present), Islamic Studies 372 (Topic: Arts of Islam, 1500-1800), 373 (Topic: Arts of Islam: 1500-Present), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 321 (Arts of Islam: 1500-Present), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Arts of Islam: 1500-Present), Religious Studies 358 (Topic 18), 359N.

R S 360C. African Religious Culture and Creativity.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 340T and Theatre and Dance 357T (Topic 7). Examine religion as an aesthetic practice and explore the inventiveness of the imagination that underlines African religious practices. Study religious practices spanning from the pre-colonial and post-colonial eras to the contemporary period particularly in urban centers. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 340T, 372G (Topic: Afr Relig Cultur/Creativity), Religious Studies 360 (Topic: Afr Relig Cultur/Creativity), 360C, Theatre and Dance 357T (Topic: Afr Relig Cultur/Creativity), 357T (Topic 7). Prerequisite: For theatre and dance majors, consent of instructor; for all others, upper-division standing.

R S 361. Topics in Religious Studies.

Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 362. Independent Research in Religious Studies.

Faculty-directed research. Conference course. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing and consent of instructor.

R S 365D. Hermits, Monks, and Saints in Early Christianity.

Same as Classical Civilization 348C and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 54). Examine individual and communal forms of Christian monasticism from the first through fifth centuries CE. Explore the social, economic and religious factors that may have made a life of self-denial attractive to many early Christians and the role of authority in these movements. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Hermits, Monks, and Saints in Early Christianity), 348C, Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: Hermits, Monks, and Saints in Early Christianity), 342 (Topic 54), Religious Studies 365 (Topic: Hermits, Monks, and Saints in Early Christianity), 365D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 365G. Death and the Afterlife in Graeco-Roman Antiquity.

Same as Classical Civilization 348G and Core Texts and Ideas 328D. Explore the afterlife from Near Eastern myths and Homer through Greek and Roman antiquity to the early Church Fathers. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Classical Civilization 348 (Topic: Death/Afterlife Graeco-Roman), 348G, Core Texts and Ideas 328D, Religious Studies 365G. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 365J. The Book of Job.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 354J, Jewish Studies 363 (Topic 29), and Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic 67). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 354J, 375 (Topic: The Book of Job), Jewish Studies 363 (Topic: The Book of Job), 363 (Topic 29), Middle Eastern Studies 342 (Topic: The Book of Job), 342 (Topic 67), Religious Studies 361 (Topic: The Book of Job), 365 (Topic: The Book of Job), 365J. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 365K. Contemporary Jerusalem.

Same as Anthropology 323Q, Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 18), and Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 18). Explore what life is like in today's contested, rapidly growing, and increasingly diverse Jerusalem. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 323Q, Jewish Studies 365 (Topic: Contemporary Jerusalem), 365 (Topic 18), Middle Eastern Studies 341 (Topic 18), Religious Studies 365K. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 366C. The Bible in the Colonial Americas.

Same as Core Texts and Ideas 355, History 363F, and Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 34). Varied perspectives on the central role played by the Old Testament in the construction of colonial cultures in the Americas. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Core Texts and Ideas 355, 375 (Topic 6), History 363F, 363K (Topic 5), Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 34), Religious Studies 366 (Topic 3), 366C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 366D. Religions of the Caribbean.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 345G, Anthropology 323D, and Latin American Studies 322D. Examine the histories and politics of religious practices in the Greater Caribbean, encompassing the islands and Central American coasts as well as the continental diasporas, from Vodou and Rastafari to popular Hinduism. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 372G (Topic: Religions of the Caribbean) 345G, Anthropology 324L (Topic: Religions of the Caribbean), 323D, Latin American Studies 324L (Topic: Religions of the Caribbean), 322D, Religious Studies 366 (Topic: Religions of the Caribbean), 366 (Topic 2), 366D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 366E. Jewish Cuba.

Same as Anthropology 325V, Jewish Studies 365 (Topic 16), and Latin American Studies 324S. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 325L (Topic: Jewish Cuba), 325V, Jewish Studies 365 (Topic: Jewish Cuba), 365 (Topic 16), Latin American Studies 324L (Topic: Jewish Cuba), 324S, Religious Studies 366 (Topic: Jewish Cuba), 366E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 366M. Colonial Encounters in Mesoamerica.

Same as Anthropology 323T, History 346E, and Latin American Studies 322M. Study European-indigenous encounters in Mesoamerica, a geographic and cultural area spanning north-central Mexico through western Honduras, between approximately 1450-1750. Examine strategies of contact, accommodation, and resistance that indigenous communities and European colonizers used to communicate with each other and negotiate the conduct of daily life in colonial society. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 323T, History 346E, Latin American Studies 322M, Religious Studies 361 (Topic: Mesoamerican Encounters), 366M. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 366N. African Religion in the New World.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 345P and Latin American Studies 322N. Explore the contributions of scholars and artists who engage African diaspora religions in their work through multiple conceptual approaches. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 345P, 370 (Topic: Afr Religion in New World), 374E (Topic: Afr Religion in New World), Latin American Studies 322 (Topic: Afr Religion in New World), 322N, Religious Studies 361 (Topic: Afr Religion in New World), 366 (Topic: African Religion in New World), 366N. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 368C. When Christ was King.

Same as History 347P and Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 35). The history of Catholicism in twentieth-century Mexico, often seen as Latin America's most "Catholic" nation. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 347P, 350L (Topic: When Christ was King), Latin American Studies 366 (Topic: When Christ was King), 366 (Topic 35), Religious Studies 368 (Topic: When Christ was King), 368C. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 368D. Church and State in Latin America.

Same as History 346W and Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 21). History of Church-state relations and religious politics in modern Latin America, with emphasis on the nineteenth to early twentieth-century periods. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 346W, Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 21), Religious Studies 368 (Topic 1), 368D. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 368E. The Religious Tradition in Latin America.

Same as History 350L (Topic 76) and Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 25). Explores the different ways in which religion has helped to define the political, social, and philosophical structures of Latin America from colonial times to the present. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 350L (Topic 76), Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 25), Religious Studies 368 (Topic 3), 368E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 368F. Religion, Conquest, and Conversion in Colonial Latin America.

Same as History 363D and Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 29). Focuses on the histories of the Catholic Church and religious devotion in colonial Latin America between 1521 and 1821. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: History 363D, 363K (Topic 3), Latin American Studies 366 (Topic 29), Religious Studies 368 (Topic 4), 368F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373C. Religious Ethics and Human Rights.

Examine the grounds for human rights, and the relations between rights and religions. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Religious Ethics and Human Rights) and 373C may not both be counted. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373D. The History of Christmas.

A historical and cross-cultural examination of the evolution of the modern Christmas holiday, beginning with the birth stories of Jesus in the New Testament and concluding with the supposed "War on Christmas" in the 21st Century America. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 373 (Topic: History of Christmas) and 373D may not both be counted. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373E. Anthropology Of Religion.

Same as Anthropology 324F. Examine a genealogy of the anthropology of religion around the globe from the nineteenth century to the present. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324F, 324L (Topic: Anthropology Of Religion), Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Anthropology Of Religion), 373E. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373F. Creation.

Same as European Studies 346 (Topic 13) and History 350L (Topic 80). Explores the writings of premodern authors as related to creation and early developments in western theology, science, and philosophy. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: European Studies 346 (Topic 13), History 350L (Topic 80), Religious Studies 373 (Topic 5), 373F. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373G. Goddesses in World Religions and Cultures.

Same as Anthropology 322J, Asian Studies 340F, and Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 30). Historical and cross-cultural overview of the relationship between feminine and religious cultural expressions through comparative examinations and analyses of various goddess figures in world religions. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 322J, 324L (Topic: Goddesses in World Religions and Cultures), Asian Studies 340 (Topic 7), 340F, Religious Studies 373 (Topic 3), 373G, Women's and Gender Studies 340 (Topic 30). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373I. Race, Gender, Sex, and Religion.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 352M, American Studies 373I, and Women's and Gender Studies 335 (Topic 28). Use an intersectional feminist framework to examine the construction and maintenance of normative categories of race, gender, sex, and sexuality within United States religious discourse. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 352M, American Studies 373I, Religious Studies 361 (Topic: Race, Gender, Sex, Religion), 373I, Women's and Gender Studies 335 (Topic 28). Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373J. Creation and Evolution: Human Origins in Scientific and Religious Discourses.

Same as Anthropology 324L (Topic 68). Examines evolutionary theory, intelligent design, and creationism, and how they interact. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Creation and Evolution in America), 324L (Topic 68), Religious Studies 346 (Topic: Creation and Evolution), 373 (Topic 8), 373J. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373K. Extraterrestrial Intelligence: Culture, Religion, and Imagination.

Same as Anthropology 324L (Topic 71). Focusing primarily on the 20th and 21st Centuries, explores the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) and considers how these ideas have intersected with other aspects of society, particularly religion, including recent arguments that SETI itself has developed into a religion. Examines meanings and motivations behind issues such as Percival Lowell's quest to prove the existence of canals on Mars and the development of Scientology. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Sentience, Culture, and Religion: SETI), 324L (Topic 71), Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Sentience, Culture, and Religion: SETI), 373 (Topic 9), 373K. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373L. Science, Magic, and Religion.

Same as African and African Diaspora Studies 351S, American Studies 327K, and Anthropology 324C. Historical and cross-cultural overview of the constructed concepts of magic, science, and religion through comparative examinations of cultural contexts from the Islamic world, western Europe, the Caribbean, the U.S., and Mozambique. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: African and African Diaspora Studies 372G (Topic: Science/Magic/Religion), 351S, American Studies 327 (Topic: Science, Magic, Religion), 327K, Anthropology 324L (Topic: Science, Magic, & Religion), 324C, Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Science, Magic, & Religion), 373 (Topic 6), 373L. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373M. Biomedicine, Ethics, and Culture.

Same as Anthropology 323N and Asian Studies 361 (Topic 29). Examines ethical questions such as the allocation of medical resources, stem cell research and cloning, organ transplantation, abortion, human experimentation, prolonging life and the right to die, suicide, euthanasia, and diagnosis and treatment of illnesses, explored from a global perspective. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 323N, 324L (Topic: Biomedicine, Ethics, & Culture), Asian Studies 361 (Topic: Biomedicine, Ethics, & Culture), 361 (Topic 29), Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Biomedicine, Ethics, & Culture), 373M. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373N. Religions in Contact.

Same as Asian Studies 340V. Critically examine the theories (religious othering, conversion, reinterpretation, appropriation, etc.) of how one religion responds to contact with another. Explore the ways in which religious actors grapple with religious plurality, draw or ignore boundaries, and form religious identities. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following my be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Religions in Contact), 340V, Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Religions in Contact), 373N. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373S. Sport, Religion, and Society.

Same as Anthropology 323C. Explore sport as it relates to ritual and religious practice and examine the meaning and nature of sport in cross-cultural perspectives. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 324L (Topic: Sport, Religion, and Society), 323C, Religious Studies 373 (Topic 4), 373S. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 373T. Talk, Text, and God.

Same as Anthropology 320I. Introduction to the anthropological study of Christianity, particularly in colonial and post-colonial settings. Three lecture hours a week for one semester Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 320I, 320L (Topic: Talk, Text, and God), 320L (Topic 14), Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Talk, Text, and God), 373T. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing.

R S 375S. Advanced Seminars in Religious Studies.

Discussion and research-based study of topics in religious studies. Includes theoretical approaches to the study of religion. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 373 and 375S may not both be counted unless the topics vary. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing and at least six semester hours of coursework in religious studies.

Topic 1: What is Religion?. Examines classic theories about religion from the last 150 years of academic study: psychological, sociological, economic, phenomenological, and anthropological. Religious Studies 373 (Topic: What is Religion?) and 375S (Topic 1) may not both be counted.
Topic 2: Comparing Religions. Same as Asian Studies 379 (Topic 10). A discussion of major comparative approaches in the study of religion. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 340 (Topic: Introduction to Comparative Religion), 340 (Topic 11), 379 (Topic 10), Religious Studies 373 (Topic: Introduction to Comparative Religion), 375S (Topic 2). Additional prerequisite: For Asian studies majors, twelve semester hours of upper-division coursework in Asian studies; for others, upper-division standing and at least six semester hours of coursework in religious studies.
Topic 3: Mystics, Visionaries, and Heretics in Medieval Europe. Same as Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic 3) and History 350L (Topic 74). Examines particular mystical and visionary experiences within the context of medieval European Christianity. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic: Mystics, Visionaries and Heretics in Medieval Europe), 330 (Topic 3), History 350L (Topic: Mystics, Visionaries and Heretics in Medieval Europe), 350L (Topic 74), Religious Studies 375S (Topic: Mystics, Visionaries and Heretics in Medieval Europe), 375S (Topic 3).
Topic 4: Radical Religion: Ascetics and Holy Persons. Same as Asian Studies 379 (Topic 8). Explores asceticism and the concepts, practices, and goals associated with this radical way of life through case studies from various religions. Subjects include theories of the body and of culture, as well as issues of social status, gender, devotion, and violence. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 379 (Topic: Radical Religion: Ascetics), 379 (Topic 8), Religious Studies 375S (Topic: Radical Religion: Ascetics), 375S (Topic 4).
Topic 5: Religion, the Supernatural, and the Paranormal. Examination of extraordinary events, such as miracles, exorcisms, ghosts, psychic abilities, UFOs, and other related phenomena. Discussion of the similarities and dissimilarities between religious and non-religious contexts for such happenings, as well as possible explanations for them. Religious Studies 375S (Topic: Religion, Supernatural, and the Paranormal) and Religious Studies 375S (Topic 5) may not both be counted.
Topic 6: Religion in the American South. Same as American Studies 327F. Examines the social construction and cultural meaning of southern religion using fictional characterizations, philosophical reflections, historical accounts, and theoretical comparisons. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: American Studies 327 (Topic 6), 327F, Religious Studies 375S (Topic: Religion in the American South), 375S (Topic 6). Additional prerequisite: Upper-division standing and at least six semester hours of coursework in religious studies.
Topic 7: Religions Of No Religion. Examine religious practices that are not religion and critical analysis of the category of religion and its contested borders. Religious Studies 375S (Topic: Religions of No Religion) and 375S (Topic 7) may not both be counted.
Topic 8: The Crusades. Same as Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic 5), European Studies 346 (Topic 38), and History 344S. An exploration of the religious encounters between eastern and western Christians, Christian heretics, Jews, Muslims, and polytheists; political, military, and cultural changes of the high middle ages; and the ways that crusading ideas and symbols have been reused in contemporary politics and popular culture. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Ancient History and Classical Civilization 330 (Topic: The Crusades), 330 (Topic 5), European Studies 346 (Topic: The Crusades), 346 (Topic 38), History 344S, 350L (Topic: The Crusades), Religious Studies 375S (Topic: The Crusades), 375S (Topic 8). Additional prerequisite: Upper-division standing
Topic 9: Religion in the Workplace. Examine the role of religion in the formation of the workplace in the United States. Survey a range of case studies in order to explore how religion has shaped how Americans understand the relationship between human labor and moral community. Religious Studies 375S (Topic: Religion in the Workplace) and 375S (Topic 9) may not both be counted.
Topic 10: Religion and Animals. Same as American Studies 370 (Topic 73). Explore how religious practitioners have imagined and interacted with animals, as well as how contemporary sustainability projects draw on and depart from these historic practices. Focused on North America, explore animals as featured in written and oral sacred stories, as well as engagement with animals in food production, land occupation, and ritual. American Studies 370 (Topic 73) and Religious Studies 375S (Topic 10) may not both be counted. Additional prerequisite: At least six semester hours of coursework in religious studies.

R S 679H. Honors Tutorial Course.

Supervised individual reading for one semester, followed by research and writing to produce a substantial paper on a specific topic in religious studies, to be completed during the second semester. The equivalent of three lecture hours a week for two semesters. Prerequisite: For 679HA, upper-division standing and admission to the Religious Studies Honors Program; for 679HB, Religious Studies 679HA.

Graduate Courses

R S 180. Proseminar.

An introduction to the research methodology and ancillary disciplines used in current religious studies. One lecture hour a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing.

R S 380R. Topical Readings in Religious Studies.

Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 381. Conference Course in Religious Studies.

Conference course. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of instructor.

R S 383C. Topics in Comparative Religion.

Advanced treatment of selected problems, topics, or themes concerning comparative approaches to the study of religion. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 383E. Ethnographic Methods for the Study of Religion.

Same as Anthropology 391 (Topic 35). Explore the use of ethnographic research methods for the study of religion. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Religious Studies 383T (Topic: Ethnographic Research Methods), 383E, Anthropology 391 (Topic 35). Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 383M. Theory and Method in the Study of Religion.

Introduction to the history of the discipline, discussion of classical interpretative works, and examination of current theoretical and methodological developments in the field. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Religious Studies 383 (Topic: Theory and Method in the Study of Religion) and 383M may not both be counted. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 383T. Topics in Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Religion.

Advanced treatment of selected problems, topics, or themes concerning theoretical approaches to the study of religion. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

Topic 3: Reading Arabic Literature. Same as Middle Eastern Studies 386 (Topic 3). Examine the canons of Arabic literature through readings in translation. Only one of the following may be counted: Comparative Literature 386 (Topic: Reading Arabic Literature), Middle Eastern Studies 386 (Topic: Reading Arabic Literature), 386 (Topic 3), Religious Studies 383T (Topic 3).

R S 384D. Doctoral Seminar in Religious Studies.

Advanced seminar designed to introduce students to the profession of religious studies. Includes development and preparation of a dissertation proposal, placing scholarship within a broader theoretical context,and pedagogical issues in teaching religious studies at the undergraduate college level. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 385K. Early Jewish and Christian Literature I.

A survey of major categories of early Jewish and Christian literature by genre in light of comparative historical research. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 385L. Early Jewish and Christian Literature II.

A survey of major categories of early Jewish and Christian literature by genre in light of comparative historical research. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 386C. Critical Issues in Christian Origins.

Studies of key scholarly works in and critical approaches to the study of Christian origins in their historical, social, and cultural contexts. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 386H. Critical Issues in the Hebrew Bible.

Advanced studies of critical issues in research on key areas of study in the Hebrew Bible and its environment. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 386M. Critical Issues in Ancient Mediterranean Religions.

Studies of key scholarly works in and critical approaches to the study of ancient Mediterranean religions in their historical, cultural, and archaeological contexts. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 387M. Seminars in Ancient Mediterranean Religions.

Advanced treatment of selected problems, topics, or themes in the study of the religions of the ancient Mediterranean world. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

Topic 2: Seeing Gods. Same as Art History 382 (Topic 2). Examine textual and theoretical accounts of the religious phenomenon of epiphany across various belief systems. Only one of the following may be counted: Art History 382 (Topic: Seeing Gods), 382 (Topic 2), Religious Studies 387M (Topic: Seeing Gods), Religious Studies 387M (Topic 2).

R S 389R. Research Seminars on Religion in Europe and the Middle East.

Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 390T. Topics in European and Middle Eastern Religion.

Advanced treatment of selected problems, topics, or themes concerning religion in Europe and the Middle East. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

Topic 1: Islamic Studies: Discipline Intro. Only one of the following may be counted: Religious Studies 390T (Topic: Islamic Studies: Discipline Intro), 390T (Topic 1), Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures 380 (Topic: Islamic Studies: Discipline Intro).
Topic 2: Sovereignty in Islam: Theory & Practice. Same as Asian Studies 391 (Topic 8). A historical and comparative survey of the concepts and rituals of sovereignty in Muslim societies across the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia, with an emphasis on the pre-modern era. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 391 (Topic: Sovereignty in Islam: Theory & Practice), 391 (Topic 8), History 381 (Topic: Sovereignty in Islam: Theory & Practice), Middle Eastern Studies 385 (Topic: Sovereignty in Islam: Theory & Practice), 386 (Topic: Sovereignty in Islam: Theory & Practice), Religious Studies 390T (Topic: Sovereignty in Islam: Theory & Practice), 390T (Topic 2).
Topic 4: The Arabic Humanities. Same as Asian Studies 390D and Middle Eastern Studies 386 (Topic 1). Explore the traditions formed in pre-modern Islamic humanities. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 390D, Middle Eastern Studies 386 (Topic: The Arabic Humanities), 386 (Topic 1), Religious Studies 390T (Topic 4). Additional prerequisite: Graduate standing and Arabic 531L or 581N.
Topic 5: Gender, Islam and Representation in the Modern Middle East. Same as Anthropology 391 (Topic 37) and Middle Eastern Studies 386 (Topic 27). Examine representations of women across majority Muslim countries and explore how women producers and consumers navigate within the framework of regulations set by religious and governmental bodies. Only one of the following may be counted: Anthropology 391 (Topic 37), Middle Eastern Studies 386 (Topic: Gender, Islam, Representatn), 386 (Topic 27), Religious Studies 390T (Topic 5), Women's and Gender Studies 393 (Topic: Gender, Islam, Representatn).

R S 391L. Approaches to the Study of Religion in Latin America.

An introduction to the history of scholarship about religion in Latin America and the Caribbean. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 391N. Approaches to the Study of Religion in the United States.

An introduction to the history of scholarship about religion in the United States, including recent research on the Atlantic world, the Pacific world, and the Western Hemisphere. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 392T. Topics in Religion in the Americas.

Advanced treatment of selected problems, topics, or themes concerning religion in the Americas. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 393F. Topics in the Foundations of Asian Religions.

Introduction to and analysis of primary sources for the study of religion in Asia. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 394T. Topics in Religion in Asia.

Advanced treatment of selected problems, topics, or themes concerning religion in Asia. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

Topic 1: The Body in Indian Medicine and Myth. Same as Asian Studies 384 (Topic 8). Examines issues of embodiment in South Asia in various life stages, including conception, infancy, childhood, adulthood, and death drawn from various historical periods, medical traditions, religious narratives, and sociological and anthropological studies. Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 384 (Topic: Body in Indian Medicine/Myth), 384 (Topic 8), Religious Studies 394T (Topic: Body in Indian Medicine/Myth), 394T (Topic 1).
Topic 2: Intellectual History of Indo-Iranian Islam. Same as Asian Studies 390 (Topic 6), History 388K (Topic 2), and Middle Eastern Studies 381 (Topic 37). Only one of the following may be counted: Asian Studies 390 (Topic 6), History 388K (Topic 2), Middle Eastern Studies 381 (Topic 37), Religious Studies 394T (Topic: Intel Hist of Indo-Iran Islam), 394T (Topic 2).

R S 396E, 696E, 996E. Examination Preparation.

Designed for religious studies doctoral students preparing for qualifying examinations. For each semester hour of credit earned, the equivalent of one lecture hour a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of graduate adviser.

R S 396P, 696P, 996P. Dissertation Prospectus.

Designed for Religious Studies doctoral students preparing a dissertation proposal. For each semester hour of credit earned, the equivalent of one lecture hour a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 698. Thesis.

The equivalent of three lecture hours a week for two semesters. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: For 698A, graduate standing in religious studies and consent of the graduate adviser; for 698B, Religious Studies 698A.

R S 398R. Master's Report.

Preparation of a report to fulfill the requirement for the master's degree under the report option. The equivalent of three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing in religious studies and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 398T. Supervised Teaching in Religious Studies.

Weekly group meetings with the supervising instructor, individual consultations, and reports. The equivalent of three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: Graduate standing and consent of the graduate adviser.

R S 399W, 699W, 999W. Dissertation.

May be repeated for credit. Offered on the credit/no credit basis only. Prerequisite: Admission to candidacy for the doctoral degree.

Professional Courses