Examine the foundations of language and literacy through a lens of sociocultural knowledge and practice. Consider cognitive theories of learning, as well as sociocultural theories of the processes of language, reading, and composing, and how they relate to each other. Discuss the five pillars of reading (phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension) along with other component areas including oral language development, print awareness and alphabet knowledge, syllabication, and morphemic analysis. Prepare for addressing disabilities and difficulties, which are expected and part of the variation of how people learn to be literate.