Introduction to the paleobiology, sedimentology, and oceanography of reef ecosystems throughout the geological record as well as the environmental and evolutionary factors that controlled the expansion and collapse of the carbonate ecosystems. Explore ocean chemistry, how organisms biomineralize a skeleton, symbiosis, ecology, mass extinctions, as well as current and future threats to reef health. Geological Sciences 369E and 371T (Topic: Evolution of Reef Ecosystems) may not both be counted. Three lecture hours a week for one semester.