Explore journalism in the Middle East and North Africa with an emphasis on the period leading up to the Arab Spring and subsequent developments. Survey historical, political, economic, cultural, ethnic, and geographical aspects of the region. Examine the evolution of professional journalism in the Middle East and North Africa. Includes legal framework for freedom of expression, ethical principles, concentration of media ownership and the emergence of digital media. Knowledge of Arabic is not a requirement. Three lecture hours a week for one semester.