An analysis, from an advanced perspective, of the concepts and algorithms of arithmetic, including sets; numbers; numeration systems; definitions, properties, and algorithms of arithmetic operations; and percents, ratios, and proportions. Problem solving is stressed. May not be counted toward the major requirement for the Bachelor of Arts, Plan I, degree with a major in mathematics or toward the Bachelor of Science in Mathematics degree. Credit for Mathematics 316K may not be earned after the student has received credit for any calculus course with a grade of C- or better, unless the student is registered in the College of Education. Three lecture hours a week for one semester.