ECO - Economics

Economics: ECO

Lower-Division Courses

ECO X01. Introduction to Economics.

Introduction to the structure and functioning of the aggregate economy and specific markets, including the labor market, housing market, and financial markets. Basic concepts of market regulation and monetary and fiscal policy. Concepts used in the social and behavioral sciences for measuring and interpreting economic data.

ECO X01S. Professional Development and Career Planning.

Discuss issues surrounding career planning implementation and evaluation in order to establish a job search, including resumes, networking, and interviewing techniques. Focus on career management as a lifelong process.

ECO X04K. Introduction to Microeconomics.

Analysis of the economic behavior of individual consumers, firms, and workers. Demand, supply, and market equilibrium. Impact of taxes, externalities, and market power on equilibrium.

ECO X04L. Introduction to Macroeconomics.

Analysis of the economy as a whole. Measurement of output, the price level, and employment. Basic theories of the determination of Gross domestic product, investment and growth, and inflation. Introduction to fiscal policy and monetary policy.

ECO X18Q. Supervised Research.

ECO X19S. Topics in Economics.

This course is used to record credit the student earns while enrolled at another institution in a program administered by the University's Study Abroad Office. Credit is recorded as assigned by the study abroad adviser in the Department of Economics. University credit is awarded for work in an exchange program; it may be counted as coursework taken in residence. Transfer credit is awarded for work in an affiliated studies program.

ECO X29S. Topics in Economics.

Upper-Division Courses

ECO X19S. Topics in Economics.

ECO X20K. Microeconomic Theory.

Economic theory of the behavior of individuals, households, firms, and markets. Roles of relative prices and information, with a focus on constrained optimization.

ECO X20L. Macroeconomic Theory.

Theories of the determination of output, employment, and the price level. Basic models of growth. Design of monetary and fiscal policies, and the mechanisms by which they affect the economy.

ECO X20S. Mathematical Microeconomic Theory with Advanced Applications.

Examine mathematical treatment of microeconomic theory with application to real world subjects. Explore mathematical methods used by economists and apply them to analyze consumer behavior, choice under uncertainty, theory of the firm, game theory and general equilibrium.

ECO X21. Public Economics.

Study of appropriate allocations of economic activity between government (federal, state, and local) and the private sector. The workings of social security, welfare, education, pollution control, deregulation, taxation; and proposals for reform.

ECO X22. Money and Banking.

Theories of financial intermediation and the role played by money. Financial policy and monetary policy in theory and practice.

ECO X22N. Economics of Money: from the Past to Bitcoin.

Analyze assets that function as money through time, including the pricing of money in terms of interest rates and exchange rates, the economics of financial innovations, and the evolution of money markets.

ECO X23L. Political Economy.

Economic issues in the political arena. Use of microeconomic tools to study issues associated with collective decision-making, including the role of government in a market economy, and the formulation and implementation of government policies.

ECO X24. Introduction to Labor Economics.

Labor markets in modern economies. Role of institutions and policies in shaping labor market outcomes for individuals and businesses.

ECO X25K. Health Economics.

Explores medical care as a commodity, demand for health and medical services, economic behavior of medical care providers, and the functioning of medical insurance markets. Government regulation and provision of health care and health insurance.

ECO X25L. Economics of Health.

Explore the application of basic microeconomics to the study of health and issues arising in the provision of medical care. Examine the demand for and the supply of medical care. Discuss the roles of the private sector and government in the provision of medical insurance. Analyze the regulation of health care and health insurance.

ECO X26L. Economics of Education.

Applications of economic principles and empirical methods to education, including the concept of human capital, economic returns to education, the determinants and measurement of teacher impact, the roles of school inputs and factors outside of school, and the market for higher education. Methodology for evaluating education policy.

ECO X27. Comparative Economic Systems.

Economic systems in theory and practice. Role of government and regulation.

ECO X28. Industrial Organization.

Organization of industries and markets; competition, monopoly, and oligopoly. Introduction to antitrust policy, regulatory policy, and other alternatives.

ECO X29. Economic Statistics.

Interpretation of economic data. Introduction to statistical models, estimation, and inference in economics.

ECO X29S. Topics in Economics.

ECO X30T. Topics in Economics.

Topics cover aspects of economic theory, applications, and policy.

ECO X30T.2. Introduction to Law and Economics.

ECO X33K. Development Economics.

Introduction to theories of economic development. Economic analysis of leading issues.

ECO X33L. Development and Population.

Microeconomics of economic development, population growth and the age structure of the population, and their impact on the environment.

ECO X34K. Urban Economics.

Economic analysis of urban areas, emphasizing current problems, such as spatial concentration of poverty, lack of access to jobs and financial services, and transportation systems. Examines the role of policy in addressing these problems.

ECO X34L. Regional Economics.

Spatial aspects of economics, including concepts, theories, and policy applications.

ECO X34M. Migration Economics and Policy.

Immigration policy of the United States compared to that of other countries. Determinants of migration. Characteristics of migrants. Effects of migration on the country of origin and the receiving country. Unauthorized immigration to the United States.

ECO X35K. Energy Economics.

Economic analysis of the markets for resources that supply energy, including coal, oil, natural gas, and shale gas, and the market for electricity. Principles of valuation and optimal dynamic allocation of energy resources. Financial contracts and risk management in energy markets. Regulation of energy markets.

ECO X35L. Energy and Environmental Economics.

Apply the tools of economics to examine the energy sector and current energy policy issues. Learn about the environmental and public health impacts of energy production, energy consumption, industrial activity, and the role of government regulation.

ECO X36M. Economics of Auctions.

Explore auctions as a mechanism for allocating resources. Analyze bidders' strategic interactions using game theory. Investigate market rules designed to attain specific policy objectives. Utilize empirical methods to analyze auction data.

ECO X39K. International Trade and Investment.

Theories explaining the location of production facilities and patterns in international trade. Implications of international trade for per capita income, growth, and inequality.

ECO X39L. International Finance.

Exchange rates and foreign exchange markets; reasons for financial globalization; open-economy macroeconomics; exchange rate regimes (fixed and floating exchange rates, currency boards, and currency areas such as the euro zone); central bank accumulation of foreign exchange reserves; and sovereign debt crises and currency crashes. Reasons for different exchange rate arrangements and other policies are explored.

ECO X41K. Introduction to Econometrics.

Parameter estimation and inference in regression models.

ECO X42L. Advanced Econometrics.

Explore advanced methods of causal inference and prediction.

ECO X42M. Applied Econometrics and Data Analysis.

Explore advanced regression analysis, maximum likelihood, discrete choice models, nonparametric methods, causality, and regression discontinuity design. Evaluate the use of these techniques in applied research and apply them in a variety of data sets.

ECO X42N. Time Series Econometrics.

Explore models and econometric considerations related to time series data. Apply time series methods in the fields of economics and finance.

ECO X43K. Causal Inference.

Introduction to how economists infer causality from data.

ECO X48K. Advanced Topics in Econometrics.

Topics in econometric modeling and estimation.

ECO X50K. Advanced Topics in Economics.

Explore advanced topics in economic theory, and the application of theory to empirical models.

ECO X50K.6. Advanced Microeconomic Theory.

Advanced theory of individual behavior and organizations. Subjects may include decision-making under uncertainty, insurance, optimal contracts, and institutions.

ECO X50L. Advanced Macroeconomics.

Investigate advanced macroeconomic theory. Examine dynamic general equilibrium models, real business cycle theory, and macroeconomic models with a financial intermediary sector, financial crises, and monetary and fiscal policy.

ECO X51K. Current Issues in Business Economics.

Economic analysis of government regulation and policy and business responses.

ECO X51M. Managerial Economics.

Use of economic analysis and optimization as tools for improving managerial decision-making in business.

ECO X51N. Economic Principles of Managerial Decisions.

Use of economic concepts and models to make strategic business decisions (adverse selection, game theory, price discrimination, strategic commitment, barriers to entry, network effects). Economics of strategic responses to the legal environment (regulations, antitrust policies, intellectual property, fiduciary duty, liability).

ECO X52K. Business Strategy.

Economic analysis of business strategy, including introducing new products, vertically integrating, bundling goods, pricing, distribution, mergers, and product differentiation. Relevant aspects of antitrust law. Case studies of specific firms.

ECO X52R. Economics of Entrepreneurship.

Explore the application of economics to the practice of starting or expanding a business. Examine evaluation of the market; strategic decisions, including pricing, advertising, location, and deterring competitors; raising capital; and employee compensation.

ECO X53K. Antitrust Law and Economics.

Economic analysis of antitrust law intended to deter firms from engaging in anti-competitive conduct that harms consumers, including mergers that impede competition, price-fixing, and anti-competitive practices by a dominant firm in an industry. Focus on various industries and select antitrust cases.

ECO X53L. Economic Analysis and the Law.

Examine how economic principles influence, and are influenced by legal rules and procedures, evidentiary standards, and legislative approaches to social issues.

ECO X53M. Empirical Public Economics.

Use of data to evaluate public policy issues. Issues considered include the effect of having health insurance on health outcomes; the relationship between earning power and the type of college attended; charter schools and educational outcomes; the effect of an increase in the minimum wage on employment; and the welfare effects of bank bailouts.

ECO X54K. Introductory Game Theory.

Introduction to the formal study of interdependent decision making. Applications of game theory include pricing and advertising strategies, labor-management bargaining, and tariff negotiations.

ECO X54M. Experimental Economics.

Examine what economic theory has to say about economic choices and strategic interactions and what people actually do when faced with strategic decisions. Conduct experiments to either identify systematic deviations or confirm theoretical predictions. Explore how economic experiments are useful in reshaping economic thinking.

ECO X55. Development Problems and Policies in Latin America.

Analysis of the economies of Latin America. Issues may include the structure and functioning of cities, rural-urban migration, the sectoral composition of GDP and employment, and determinants of growth.

ECO X58R. Supervised Research.

ECO X59M. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics.

Optimal use of exhaustible and renewable resources, including fuels, minerals, fisheries, forests, and water; resource scarcity and economic growth; valuation of nonmarketed environmental amenities; the economics of pollution control instruments, including taxes, permits, direct regulation, and negotiation; environmental quality and international trade; the economics of global climate change; pollution control policy in practice.

ECO X59N. Methods of Environmental Policy Analysis.

Examine current environmental policy questions and debates and learn how data can be used to answer these questions.

ECO X61S. Artificial Intelligence and Public Policy.

Analyze and apply tools from machine learning and artificial intelligence to policy problems. Explore the benefits and concerns that can arise in doing so.

ECO X63C. Computational Economics.

ECO X67R. Monetary Economics.

Theories explaining the role of money in the economy.

ECO X68. Survey of the History of Economic Thought.

ECO X68M. Evolution of Economic Thought.

Discuss the evolution of economic thought over the last several centuries and apply the idea's of history's greatest economists to contemporary economic problems.

ECO X69F. Financial Economics.

Economic analysis of the operation of financial markets, including arbitrage theory, asset pricing, and corporate finance.

ECO X70E. Economics of Gender, Race, and Ethnicity.

Study large and persistent differences in economic outcomes across genders and between major racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Examine empirical evidence for, and gaps in, economic models explaining these differences.

ECO X70M. Behavioral Economics.

Explaining how heuristics result in biases in individual decisions and anomalies in the market place. Applications to choice under uncertainty, intertemporal choice, choice in a strategic environment, and behavioral finance.

ECO X70N. Financial Literacy.

Study the personal financial planning process. Apply economic principles along with analytical tools and approaches as they pertain to financial literacy.

ECO X71M. Social Economics: Outside the Market.

Explore concepts of social welfare, fairness, and social choice procedures. Discuss economic analysis of social interactions that take place outside of markets.

ECO X76N. Personnel Economics.

Use of microeconomic theory to analyze how firms make decisions involving human resources, including recruiting and hiring strategies, training and investment in worker skills, evaluating and motivating worker performance, and job design.

ECO X78H. Honors Tutorial Course I.

Supervised individual reading, research, and writing of a substantial paper on a special topic in the field of economics.

ECO X79C. Individual Conference Course.

Supervised individual study of selected problems in economics.

ECO X79E. Internship in Economics.

Conduct research while working in an appropriate government agency or private business.

ECO X79H. Honors Tutorial Course II.

Supervised individual reading, research, and writing of a substantial paper on a special topic in the field of economics.

Graduate Courses

ECO X19S. Topics in Economics.

ECO X29S. Topics in Economics.

ECO X80. Research Course.

ECO X80D. Internship in Economics.

Practical working involvement with an appropriate business, government or research agency, or similar institution.

ECO X80M. Regional Economics.

Survey of theoretical and empirical literature related to location theory, regional development, regional disparities, growth and function of cities, and political economy of spatial planning.

ECO X80N. Urban Economics.

Provides an economic analysis of pressing urban problems such as poverty, housing, transportation, environment, and finance.

ECO X80P. Internship in Economics.

Practical working involvement with an appropriate business, government or research agency, or similar institution.

ECO X81K. Seminar in Money and Banking.

Topics include monetary policy and problems, theory of central banking, and money and banking history.

ECO X83K. Seminar in General Economic History.

A historical study of economic development and economic policy.

ECO X84G. Topics in Seminar in International Economics.

ECO X84G.1. International Trade.

ECO X84G.2. International Finance.

ECO X84H. Topics in Seminar in Public Finance.

Analysis of public expenditure and taxation.

ECO X84H.1. Seminar in Public Economics.

Introduction to public finance subjects and research methods. Cover recent research ranging from tax incidence to social insurance programs.

ECO X84J. Topics in Seminar in Development Economics.

Analysis includes theories of economic development and planning.

ECO X84K. Topics in Industrial Organization.

ECO X84K.1. Introduction to Industrial Organization.

ECO X84K.2. Industrial Organization and Regulation.

ECO X84N. Topics in Resource Economics.

Definition, measurement, production, and conservation of renewable and exhaustible resources; models of economic growth and resources; world distribution and consumption; United States resource policy.

ECO X84N.1. Natural Resource Economics.

ECO X84N.2. Environmental Economics.

ECO X85C. Probability and Statistics.

ECO X85D. Mathematics for Economists.

ECO X85K. Topics in Labor Economics.

Analysis of the empirical and theoretical factors that influence labor markets.

ECO X85K.1. Introduction to Labor Economics.

ECO X85K.3. Advanced Labor Economics.

ECO X86C. Microeconomics I.

ECO X86D. Microeconomics II.

ECO X86E. Topics in Seminar in Advanced Microeconomics.

ECO X86E.1. Introduction to Game Theory.

ECO X86E.2. Applications of Game Theory.

ECO X86E.3. Advanced Microeconomic Analysis.

ECO X86E.4. Mathematical Economics.

ECO X86E.5. Experimental Methods in Economics.

ECO X86E.6. Health Economics.

ECO X87C. Macroeconomics I.

ECO X87D. Macroeconomics II.

ECO X87E. Topics in Seminar in Advanced Macroeconomics.

ECO X87E.1. Advanced Macroeconomic Analysis I.

ECO X87E.2. Advanced Macroeconomic Analysis II.

ECO X87E.3. Advanced Macroeconomic Labor I.

ECO X87E.4. Advanced Macroeconomic Labor II.

ECO X87K. Monetary Theory.

Theories, based on microeconomic foundations, covering such topics as the usefulness of monetary exchange, optimal central bank policy, the interaction of monetary and fiscal policy, and the role of financial intermediation in the macroeconomy.

ECO X87M. Writing Seminar in Economics.

ECO X87N. Survey of Fields in Economics.

Introduction to the questions, methods, and scope of research in different fields in economics.

ECO X88C. Econometrics I.

ECO X88D. Econometrics II.

ECO X88E. Topics in Seminar in Advanced Econometrics.

ECO X88E.1. Advanced Econometric Theory I.

ECO X88E.2. Advanced Econometric Theory II.

ECO X88E.3. Applied Microeconometrics.

ECO X88E.4. Time-Series Analysis.

ECO X88E.5. Applied Macroeconometrics.

ECO X90L. Seminar in the History of Economic Thought.

Survey and analysis of principal contributions and historical influences in the evolution of contemporary economic thought from the late eighteenth through the early twentieth century.

ECO X92L. Quantitative Methods in Economics.

Topics include optimization methods, probability theory, and statistical inference.

ECO X93. Seminar in Industrial Organization.

ECO X94C. Mathematics for Economists.

Mathematical tools widely used for economic analysis, including advanced calculus, optimization methods, linear algebra, and dynamic systems.

ECO X94D. Probability and Statistics.

Probability theory and statistical methods used in economics and econometrics.

ECO X94K. Microeconomics.

Rigorous introduction to the methods of microeconomic theory, including consumer and producer theory, decision under uncertainty, markets and competition, and general equilibrium.

ECO X94L. Macroeconomics.

Dynamic optimization concepts and methods used in modern macroeconomics. General equilibrium applications in the areas of economic growth, business cycles, and the role of monetary and fiscal policy.

ECO X94M. Econometrics.

Identification and estimation of linear and nonlinear regression models; inference and hypothesis testing.

ECO X95K. Topics and Applications in Microeconomics.

ECO X95K.1. Game Theory.

Introduction to game theoretic concepts and analyses and their application to study strategic interactions between individuals, firms, and other economic agents.

ECO X95K.2. Labor Economics.

Explore major theoretical and empirical models for understanding behavior and outcomes in the labor market.

ECO X95K.3. Industrial Organization.

Explore the organization of industries and markets, including competition, monopoly, and oligopoly. Examine the effect that strategic interactions have on production, pricing, investment, advertising, and other decisions. Discuss antitrust policy, regulatory policy, and other alternatives.

ECO X95K.4. Markets for Electricity.

Examine the design and performance of electricity markets and the challenges confronting these markets.

ECO X95K.5. Economics of Auctions.

Explore theoretical models of auctions as a mechanism for allocating resources and empirical methods to analyze auction data. Analyze bidders' strategic interactions using game theory and investigation of market rules designed to attain specific policy objectives.

ECO X95L. Topics and Applications in Macroeconomics.

ECO X95L.1. International Economics.

Explore theoretical models in international trade with applications to the current international economic environment.

ECO X95M. Topics and Applications in Quantitative Methods.

ECO X95M.1. Real Analysis.

Explore a rigorous, proof-based approach to mathematics, including properties of Euclidean spaces, metric spaces, compactness, continuity, single- variable differentiation and integration, and sequences and series of real-valued functions.

ECO X95M.2. Data Mining and Statistical Learning.

Examine modeling and prediction techniques using the tools of statistical learning and machine learning.

ECO X95M.3. Time Series Econometrics.

Examine time series models with applications in macroeconomics and finance.

ECO X95M.4. Causal Inference.

Examine research strategies and econometric estimators for inferring causal effects in observational data.

ECO X96. Studies in Economic History.

ECO X97. Seminar in International Economic Problems.

ECO X97K. Specialized Topics in Microeconomics.

ECO X97L. Specialized Topics in Macroeconomics.

ECO X97M. Specialized Topics in Quantitative Methods.

ECO X98. Thesis.

ECO X98K. Specialized Topics in Microeconomics.

ECO X98L. Specialized Topics in Macroeconomics.

ECO X98M. Specialized Topics in Quantitative Methods.

ECO X98T. Supervised Teaching in Economics.

Teaching under the close supervision of the course instructor; weekly group meetings, individual consultations, and reports.